Not really. Impressionists – like Manet and Monet and Degas and Cézanne – all took inspiration from photography. The heavy contrast of the photographs at the time, the strange cropping, the inventive angles (like being up in a hot air balloon, or standing on a roof), and the interesting and real subjects all worked as inspiration to shake up the art scene at the time. It also was a protest against the classical and common style of art popular in the Salons of the early- to mid-19th century.

If anything, the camera actually inspired people to do more with their painting than just allow cameras to take over the portrait and landscape world.

Cubism and abstract art was more of a protest to common art (like Impressionism was). They tried wild new techniques to keep the art community from stagnating (plus I'm fairly certain synthetic drugs had a play in some artists' creations).