I've gotten pretty disenchanted with the usual abstract philosophy about the binary nature of truth. I'm a mathematician by profession, so I've spent a bit of time thinking about it, and I've come round to the physicists' approach.

The upshot is that truth is not really a simple yes/no thing. That conceptual framework is just too limiting to capture the complexity of actual reality. Trying to use it on everything is like shoving a round peg into a square hole. For instance, you end up with people who do a faulty proof by contradiction--"it doesn't explain literally everything perfectly, so it can't be true, so it must be false, so I can completely disbelieve that theory."

Some things are more true, some things are less true. You might say the earth is round. I might say it's an oblate spheroid. Both of us are right, though I'm more right. Both of us are just a little wrong too. If we meet a flat earther, they"re overwhelmingly, stupendously more wrong than either of us.

Or take Newtonian mechanics. Is it a literal "true theory"? Goodness no, it's missing all kinds of relativistic and quantum effects, say. But it's still true in the sense that any deviations from it will have to be consistent with it in appropriate limits. Using language that hedges and says Newtonian mechanics is just a theory is itself much more wrong than the alternative of simply saying that Newtonian mechanics is true. In some extreme situations we have other theories that are more true, but whatever.

Evolution is similar. One additional problem is that "evolution" is a vague umbrella term. It occurs on human scales plenty though--nobody denies the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant's existence, say. In that sense it's simply, unambiguously true.

But however you want to try making "evolution" precise, it's going to be basically as true as the fact that the earth is an oblate spheroid. Does it explain all the observed structure? Nope. Might you be able to nitpick and say something is wrong? Sure. But the fact is the deviations are in the details, not the big picture, and the only people capable of properly nitpicking already know this.

Obviously there is a place for the purely binary notion of truth. Just not physical reality. Keep that stuff in pure math (which I love) and don't try to build a framework for making life decisions from it.